For example, a specialty pharmacy is required to comply with REMS requirements when dispensing medications. Therefore, depending on the REMS elements present, the SPP may need to engage with the hub to record certifications, inform on the need for parties to register with the hub, or generate authorizations to dispense. Co-occurrence of the same opioid suppliers across different anonymous marketplaces.
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But what could have been a mere quirk of a designer’s preference quickly escalated into a glaring oversight, setting off alarm bells among cybersecurity experts. The Ministry of Health works to help people stay healthy, delivering high-quality care when they need it and protecting the health system for future generations. Drug Hub operates a private Jabber server for push notifications and optional vendor communication.
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As observed in our data set, the top 3 marketplaces with the most opioid listings are Agora, Evolution, and Apollon. Our research collected product listings and forum posts from 10 anonymous online market places and 6 forums. Our study determined the underground marketplace and forum list based on darknet site search engines and previous research works [20]. More specifically, we used darknet site search engines (such as Recon, Darknet live, Dark Eye, dark.fail, and DNStats [21,22]) to search underground marketplaces and forums and then manually validated their activeness.
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Among them, we identified 28,106 opioid product listings and 13,508 opioid-related promotional and review forum traces from 5147 unique opioid suppliers’ IDs and 2778 unique opioid buyers’ IDs. A total of 248,359 listings from 10 anonymous online marketplaces and 1,138,961 traces (ie, threads of posts) from 6 underground forums were collected. Recent years have witnessed the trend of studying opioid use disorders using anonymous marketplaces and forums data [5,8,10] and public social media data (eg, Twitter and Instagram) [11-14].
- That dollar amount continues to tick up, with drugmakers announcing new projects at a steady clip.
- Particularly, as shown in Table 8, the United States and the United Kingdom are always in the top 5 advertised origins among years.
- The metadata revealed not only the tools used but hinted at the environment in which the logo was crafted.
- This said… at this point in time I would not be surprised if DrugHub has been had it’s servers imaged by Law Enforcement and investigations at this point are probably underway.
- Once the item is received, the buyer finalizes the purchase by notifying the anonymous online marketplace to release the funds held in escrow (step 11) [8,9].
- Finally, in the model refining stage, the model is trained for other 2 iterations using the same objective function.
- Contributors with living/lived expertise of drug use and active students receive a $100 stipend per accepted submission, sent via e-transfer.
An example of a DrugHub Market product listing
The Asia-Pacific region is projected to register the fastest growth, propelled by rapid industrialization, expanding manufacturing capacity, urban development, and increasing uptake of cost-effective technologies across China, India, and Southeast Asian economies. Latin America offers emerging growth potential through infrastructure expansion and rising industrial activity, while the Middle East & Africa benefits from growing investments in energy, construction, and smart infrastructure projects. Collectively, regional diversification, supportive policy frameworks, and expanding end-use applications are generating substantial growth opportunities for the global Pancreatic And Bile Duct Cancer Drug Market. With these complexities, the hub can function as a liaison between the distribution channel partners and the patient. A manufacturer that develops a medication with characteristics such as limited distribution, REMS requirements, or orphan drug patient populations can greatly benefit from the services of a hub.
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More than 2,600 Ontarians died in 2023 due to overdoses, the vast majority due to opioid toxicity. Supervised consumption sites impacted by the bill were given an option to apply to become HART hubs, and the nine facilities approved by the province will transition to the new model of care by March 31, the date they were slated to shut down. For example, there might be varying types of heroin or fentanyl, but we could not subcategorize them due to the lack of precise ontology. Addressing this challenge requires deep domain knowledge and expertise, which is constantly evolving. Another limitation is pointed out in the paper that multiple online suppliers might belong to the same vendor.
- Because specialty medications are complex, third-party payers often require extensive paper work and clinical information for review before approving a drug.
- Otherwise, the buyer will pay the trader directly using cryptocurrency or any other payment method accepted by the trader (step 9) [7].
- These programs help to establish a patient on therapy, maintain patient engagement with therapy, and, in turn, drive patient compliance to therapy.
- Lilly expects the project will bring 615 high-wage jobs for engineers, scientists, operations personnel and lab technicians, as well as 4,000 additional jobs during construction.
- With Philadelphia a long-established pharma hotspot and Pittsburgh an emerging one, Pennsylvania’s life sciences sector employs 100,000 workers across nearly 3,100 companies that have secured more than 10,700 new life sciences patents over the past five years.
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Gilbert et al [15] described changes in the conceptualizations, techniques, and structures of opioid supply chains and illustrated the diversity of transactions beyond the traditionally linear conceptualizations of cartel-based distribution models. Dasgupta et al [18] collected opioid listings on Silk Road to analyze the prices of diverted prescription opioids. Duxbury et al [6] evaluated the role of trust in online drug markets by applying exponential random graph modelling to underground marketplace transactions. The results show that vendors’ trustworthiness is a better predictor of vendor selection than product diversity or affordability. Considering social media data (eg, Twitter and Instagram), Nasralah et al [14] proposed a text mining framework to collect opioid data from social media and analyzed the most discussed topics to profile the opioid epidemic and crisis.
Somerset West Community Health Centre (Ottawa)
- To ensure maximum stability and accessibility, each user is issued a private mirror, which is almost unique and can be accessed in the account settings.
- Thus, we identified 58 opioid jargon used in the anonymous marketplaces and forums (Table 2).
- When the buyer wants to check out and make a purchase using cryptocurrency (eg, Bitcoin), if the trader accepts payment through an anonymous online marketplace as an escrow, the buyer will place the listed amount of cryptocurrency in escrow (step 7).
- The government also unveiled plans to stop other supervised drug injection sites from opening in Ontario, going against its own expert advice but citing rising crime and complaints from neighbours.
- The market for pancreatic and bile duct cancer drugs in Bangladesh is set to expand, driven by increasing disease prevalence and ongoing healthcare reforms.
- First Logevity Limited provides a service to strictly match groups or individuals seeking investment capital with individuals looking to invest.
- A local source explained that, due in part to the climate and the prohibitively cold weather, Finnish people are typically “more isolated” than other peoples around the world and “tend to stay home”.
- This equated to a threefold increase of the percentage of people who reported the same in 2014, when the survey first started measuring the trend.
Mackey et al [13] collected tweets related to the opioid topic to identify illicit online pharmacies and study the illegal sale of opioids in online marketing. Cherian et al [12] gathered codeine misuse data from Instagram posts to understand how misuse is happening and its misused form. However, to the best of our knowledge, no large-scale study, which may cross multiple anonymous marketplaces and is cross-sectional, has been conducted to profile the opioid supply chain and unveil characteristics of opioid suppliers, commodities, and transactions. To the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive overview of the opioid supply chain in the anonymous online marketplaces and forums, as well as a measurement study of trading activities, is still an open research challenge.
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Hub services are offered through a variety of vendors with affiliations to pharmacy benefit managers, SPPs, manufacturers, and distributors, as well as through unaffiliated freestanding vendors. Regardless of relationship, all hub providers operate under HIPAA with substantial security and privacy requirements. Any pharmacist who works in the world of specialty pharmacy knows that the specialty process is simultaneously complex and expensive. Manufacturers are producing drugs for rare and serious conditions, often requiring limited distribution networks. Specialty drugs are well-known for their benefits (highly effective in the treatment of chronic diseases, have been known to greatly improve quality of life, and even save lives), as well as their challenges (hard to get and very expensive). In response, service providers like ConnectiveRx help create Hub Services that make access to these medications easier and more affordable.
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Configure your Jabber client with provided credentials to receive instant alerts. This is the only official marketplace URL—any other address claiming to be Drug Hub is a phishing attempt. In Belleville, for example, where 13 people overdosed in roughly an hour in February, prompting a state of emergency, the mayor is expecting to receive the green light for a hub. Ontario NDP health critic France Gelinas was similarly supportive of the new funding and worried about the closure decision. Preparing amphetamine for injection changes it from a Class B to a Class A drug. The Conversation explores what’s in them, and why people prefer to buy online.
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Healthcare providers trust these programs to overcome real-life obstacles in patient care. Ultimately, Hub Services are indispensable in bridging the gap between patients and the life-saving therapies they require. This joint report prepared by the EMCDDA and Europol considers the latest findings from international research, fresh empirical data, and operational information and intelligence in order to illuminate how darknet markets function and how they relate to criminal behaviour.
Once the item is received, the buyer finalizes the purchase by notifying the anonymous online marketplace to release the funds held in escrow (step 11) [8,9]. After that, an opioid buyer often leaves review comments under the product listing or discusses the purchasing experience in the forum (step 12). The global market for pancreatic and bile duct cancer therapeutics is experiencing significant growth driven by advancements in targeted therapies, increasing prevalence of these cancers, and expanding research initiatives.
Marketplace Support System
For a complete look as well as insights into the benefits of POC Messaging and Copay Reduction download our comprehensive eBook by clicking the banner below. Jones has repeatedly rejected the suggestion that drug users could die as a result of a shift toward an abstinence-based treatment model. The facilities, which the province is calling HART hubs, are part of the Progressive Conservative government’s marked shift away from harm reduction policies and toward a focus on addictions treatment and recovery. drughub.su With Philadelphia a long-established pharma hotspot and Pittsburgh an emerging one, Pennsylvania’s life sciences sector employs 100,000 workers across nearly 3,100 companies that have secured more than 10,700 new life sciences patents over the past five years. In early 2025, the company broke ground on a $2 billion manufacturing facility project in Wilson. The drugmaker followed that up with a $2 billion deal in September for manufacturing space at Fujifilm Biotechnologies’ Holly Springs location.
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A steering committee made up of senior executives from both organizations will oversee the execution of the new development hub. The partnership aims to discover and develop new therapeutics, while also forging collaborations with academic and research institutions in the UAE and internationally, supporting Abu Dhabi’s broader ambitions in the life sciences sector. Like any marketplace, branding is key, even in the shadowy corners of the internet. But this logo, created using Adobe Illustrator version 24.0—a software outdated as of 2019—became the first crack in DrugHub’s armor. Embedded within the logo’s metadata was a treasure trove of information for anyone skilled in Open Source Intelligence (OSINT). The use of outdated software was not just a cosmetic flaw; it signaled a broader negligence in keeping up with technological advancements.
Europol said that 288 suspects were arrested and more than 50.8 million euros ($53.4 million) in cash and virtual currencies, 850 kilograms of drugs and 117 firearms were seized in a series of raids in several countries. Applications for the remaining 10 hubs are under review and will be announced in the coming weeks, the province said in the release, adding the goal is to have the facilities up and running by April 1. Note that data for 2020 only included data from January to March; price per gram is in US $. C+ and C− denote the penalty factors for misclassifying the positive and negative instances, respectively, whereas λ is the regularization coefficient and
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This is the first study to measure and characterize opioid trading in anonymous online marketplaces and forums. From our measurement, we concluded that anonymous online marketplaces and forums provided easy-access platforms for global opioid supply. This paper seeks to complement current studies widening the understanding of opioid supply chains in underground marketplaces using comprehensive, large-scale, longitudinal anonymous marketplace and forum data. To this end, we propose a series of techniques to collect data; identify opioid jargon terms used in the anonymous marketplaces and forums; and profile the opioid commodities, suppliers, and transactions. Specifically, we first conducted a whole-site crawl of anonymous online marketplaces and forums to solicit data.